Keynote speech by Luis de Guindos, Vice-President of the ECB, at the annual Joint Conference of the European Commission and the European Central Bank on European financial integration

Brussels, 12 June 2025

Introduction

I am once again delighted to speak at the annual joint conference of the European Commission and the European Central Bank on European financial integration. This is an important event for us as we come together to appraise and advance financial integration in Europe.

The recent sea change in US economic policy and the multilateral rules-based system has been an important wake-up call for Europe. The pattern of globalisation is set to shift significantly and give way to increased economic fragmentation on a global scale. Unreliability and unpredictability are likely to persist for years to come, making uncertainty a defining feature that will not be overcome any time soon. This uncertainty extends beyond trade to other domains such as monetary, fiscal or national…