www.ecb.europa.eu
28 October 2025
- median consumer perceptions of inflation over the previous 12 months remained unchanged, as did median expectations for inflation three years ahead and five years ahead, while median inflation expectations for the next 12 months decreased slightly;
- expectations for nominal income growth over the next 12 months were unchanged, while expectations for spending growth over the next 12 months increased;
- expectations for economic growth over the next 12 months and the expected unemployment rate in 12 months’ time were both unchanged;
- expectations for growth in the price of homes over the next 12 months increased, as did expectations for mortgage interest rates 12 months ahead.
Inflation
In September, the median rate of perceived inflation over the previous 12 months remained unchanged at 3.1% for the eighth consecutive month. Median expectations for inflation over the next 12 months decreased to 2.7%, from 2.8% in August. Expectations for inflation…